Wednesday, August 17, 2011

Vaccine-preventable diseases - tetanus

Acid Reflux In Newborns

Vaccination is some controversy in the United States, if they are problems that are causing problems of moral / ethical / political surrounding Gardasil or the alleged link between vaccines and autism. But one thing is clear, immunizations are among the most common and devastating diseases almost nonexistent in this country. In my opinion, vaccines are among the most successful use of the immunological basis of human health worldwide.

Acid Reflux In Newborns

Vaccinations in simple words,antigenic material are different, depending on the vaccine to induce an immune response or antibodies in humans or animals.

Acid Reflux In Newborns

An important result in the prevention of tetanus toxoid. Because of widespread vaccination in the United States, fewer than 100 cases of tetanus reported each year.

Acid Reflux In Newborns

Tetanus is a potent toxin is produced in the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetani. The spores of this organism are very resistant to environmental influences andfound to be widespread in soil and intestines and feces of horses, sheep, cattle, dogs, cats, mice, Guinea Guinea, chickens, and distributed. Manure treated soil, a large number of spores. In agricultural areas, a significant number of adults harbor the organism.

These spores are usually the body through puncture wound of land, road dust, animal bites, or human feces or contaminated animals introduced by lacerations, burns or trivial unnoticed wounds, orThe contaminated drug injecting. Often we hear concerns about the increase to a rusty nail, but the rust has nothing to do with tetanus. At this stage, the spores germinate into bacteria, which multiply and produce toxins.

A form of tetanus of the newborn is called neonatal tetanus found in children born without protective passive immunity because the mother is not immune. It usually occurs through infection of the unhealed umbilical stump, especially when the strainis cut with an unsterile instrument. Although rare in this country, generates about a quarter of a million deaths around the world.

Depending on the size of the lesion, the incubation period for tetanus is about 10-14 days.

Some of the most common symptoms of tetanus, diphtheria, tetanus, stiff neck, difficulty swallowing, and rigidity of abdominal muscles. Other symptoms include a high temperature, sweating, high blood pressure, and episodic rapid heart rate. Seizures may occurand often take several minutes. Cramps continue for 3-4 weeks. The typical characteristics of a spasm of tetanus opisthotonus position and facial expressions such as "risus sardonicus" known. The mortality rate for this disease varies from 10-80% depending on age and quality of care.

There really is no laboratory findings that are characteristic of tetanus. The diagnosis is purely clinical and bacteriological confirmation.

This disease is not transmittedfrom person to person.

The prevention of tetanus. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends 5 doses of diphtheria and tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine for infants and children. 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15-18 months and 4-6 years: one dose of DTaP vaccine is recommended for each of the later periods. DTaP vaccine can be administered with other vaccines. A booster dose of Tdap (adult formulation)recommended age of 11-18 years. And then increase at least every 10 years.

Even if you have had tetanus toxin produced this powerful and still no immunity and primary vaccinations are indicated after recovery to avoid a second infection.

Vaccine-preventable diseases - tetanus

Acid Reflux In Newborns

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